Movement Disorders and Neurometabolic Diseases.

Celanie K Christensen, Laurence Walsh

Journal: Seminars in pediatric neurology 2018;25():82-91

PMID: 29735120

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Abstract

Many inherited metabolic diseases or inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) cause movement disorders in children. This review focuses on chorea, dystonia, myoclonus, tremor, and parkinsonism. Broad neurometabolic categories commonly responsible for pediatric movement disorders include mitochondrial cytopathies, organic acidemias, mineral metabolism and transport disorders, neurotransmitter diseases, purine metabolism abnormalities, lipid storage conditions, and creatine metabolism dysfunction. Each movement disorder can be caused by many IEM and several of them can cause multiple movement abnormalities. Dietary modifications, medications, and increasingly specific therapy can improve outcomes in children with movement disorders caused by IEM. Recognition and characterization of secondary movement disorders in children facilitate their management and diagnosis, and possible treatment of an underlying IEM.

Address: Department of Neurology, Section of Child Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Neurology, Section of Child Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.

DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2018.02.003