Systematic review indicates postnatal growth in term infants born small-for-gestational-age being associated with later neurocognitive and metabolic outcomes.

Esther Castanys-Muñoz, Kathy Kennedy, Eurídice Castañeda-Gutiérrez, Stewart Forsyth, Keith M Godfrey, Berthold Koletzko, Susan E Ozanne, Ricardo Rueda, Marieke Schoemaker, Eline M van der Beek, Stef van Buuren, Ken K Ong

Journal: Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 2018;106(8):1230-1238

PMID: 28382722

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Abstract

UNLABELLED

We systematically reviewed papers published in English between 1994 and October 2015 on how postnatal weight gain and growth affect neurodevelopment and metabolic outcomes in term-born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants. Two randomised trials reported that enriched infant formulas that promoted early growth also increased fat mass, lean mass and blood pressure (BP), but had no effect on early neurocognitive outcomes. Meanwhile, 31 observational studies reported consistent positive associations between postnatal weight gain and growth with neurocognitive outcomes, adiposity, insulin resistance and BP.

CONCLUSION

Few intervention studies exist, despite consistent positive associations between early growth and neurocognition in term-born SGA infants.

Address: Abbott Nutrition R&D, University Science Park, Granada, Spain.; UCL Great Ormond Street Hospital Institute of Child Health, London, UK.; Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.; DSM-Martek Division, Dundee, UK.; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, München, Germany.; Metabolic Research Laboratories & MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Abbott Nutrition R&D, Granada, Spain.; Mead Johnson Pediatric Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.; Nutricia Research, Danone Nutricia Early Life Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands.; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.; Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands.; University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

DOI: 10.1111/apa.13868

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MeSH Terms: Adiposity, Blood Pressure, Child Development, Cognition, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Lipids, Weight Gain