Laura Di Renzo, Giorgia Cioccoloni, Paola Sinibaldi Salimei, Ida Ceravolo, Antonino De Lorenzo, Santo Gratteri
Journal: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 2018;2018():5461436
PMID: 30050655
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the first cause of death worldwide. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the 48% of NCDs, followed by cancer (21%), respiratory chronic diseases (12%), and diabetes (3.5%). The aims of this study were to examine the oxidative status of low-density lipoprotein, and to evaluate gene expression of selected genes belonging to inflammatory and oxidative stress (oxidative stress is a condition that results in an imbalance between the concentrations of pro- and antioxidant species) pathway. The study is a controlled randomised clinical trial based on 55 healthy volunteers in fasting status or in the postprandial time (after a meal), after a Mediterranean or a high-fat meal, with or without alcohol beverages intake. Study results indicate that moderate alcohol consumption has significant health benefits. Genetic regulation due to red wine consumption occurred both with the beverage alone and in combination with a meal. Whereas ethanol had a positive effect on gene oxidation pathway only if combined with an antioxidant meal. Authors conclude that a good dietetic plan, finalised to the reduction of NCDs onset and progression, should consider moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages.
BACKGROUND
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the first cause of death worldwide. Mediterranean diet may play a crucial role in the prevention of NCDs, and the presence of wine in this diet could play a positive role on health.
METHODS
54 healthy volunteers consumed one of the following beverages: red (RW) or white wine (WW), vodka (VDK), and/or Mediterranean meal (MeDM) and high-fat meal (HFM).
RESULTS
OxLDL-C changed significantly between baseline versus HFM, MeDM versus HFM, and HFM versus HFM + RW ( < 0.05). Significant upregulation of catalase (CAT) was observed only after RW. Conversely, WW, VDK, RW + MeDM, HF + WW, and HF + VDK determined a significant downregulation of CAT gene. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) gene expression was upregulated in WW, MeDM + VDK, and RW. Contrariwise, HFM + VDK determined a downregulation of its expression. RW, RW + MeDM, and RW + HFM caused the upregulation of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that the association of low/moderate intake of alcohol beverages, with nutraceutical-proven effectiveness, and ethanol, in association with a Mediterranean diet, could determine a reduction of atherosclerosis risk onset through a positive modulation of antioxidant gene expression helping in the prevention of inflammatory and oxidative damages.
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