Fasting serum hippuric acid is elevated after bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) consumption and associates with improvement of fasting glucose levels and insulin secretion in persons at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Vanessa Df de Mello, Maria A Lankinen, Jaana Lindström, Riitta Puupponen-Pimiä, David E Laaksonen, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Marko Lehtonen, Matti Uusitupa, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Riitta Törrönen, Kati Hanhineva

Journal: Molecular nutrition & food research 2018;61(9):

PMID: 28556578

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Abstract

SCOPE

Urinary hippuric acid has been proposed as a biomarker for fruit, vegetable, and polyphenol consumption. We assessed how serum hippuric acid changes after a bilberry-enriched diet (BB; high anthocyanin intake) and another berry diet including strawberries, raspberries, and cloudberries (SRC; lower anthocyanin intake) and how these changes associate with insulin and glucose metabolism.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Hippuric acid was measured with LC-QTOF-MS metabolite profiling analysis from fasting serum samples at baseline and after an 8-week intervention in 47 individuals with features of the metabolic syndrome who were randomized to either a BB diet (n = 15), an SRC diet (n = 20) or a control diet (n = 12). Fasting serum hippuric acid increased significantly (3.5-fold, p = 0.001) only in the BB group and correlated with changes in fasting plasma glucose concentration (r = -0.54, p < 0.05) and insulin secretion (r = 0.59, p < 0.05). These associations were confirmed in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (n = 198).

CONCLUSION

Fasting serum hippuric acid is increased after consumption of anthocyanin-rich bilberries, and may contribute to the beneficial effect of bilberry consumption through its associations with better glycemic control and β-cell function.

Address: Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; Clinical Nutrition and Obesity Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland.; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.; Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; Center for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, Austria.; Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; LC-MS Metabolomics Center, Biocenter Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland.

DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700019

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fasting, Female, Hippurates, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Secretion, Male, Middle Aged, Vaccinium myrtillus