Increased rates of intermittent rhythmic delta and theta activity in the electroencephalographies of adult patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Dominique Endres, Simon Maier, Bernd Feige, Nora Bel Mokhtar, Kathrin Nickel, Peter Goll, Simon A Meyer, Swantje Matthies, Dieter Ebert, Alexandra Philipsen, Evgeniy Perlov, Ludger Tebartz van Elst

Journal: Epilepsy & behavior : E&B 2018;75():60-65

PMID: 28830028

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. In subgroups of patients with a (para)epileptic pathomechanism, this might be due to intermittent rhythmic delta or theta activity (IRDA/IRTA).

PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS

Using a fully data-driven analysis, we compared the IRDA/IRTA rates in the resting electroencephalography (EEG) results of 97 adult patients with ADHD and 30 control subjects. The IRDA/IRTA rates before hyperventilation (HV) and for HV difference (difference between IRDA/IRTA rate after and before HV) were compared between groups using a linear model.

RESULTS

We detected significantly increased rates of IRDA/IRTA before HV (F=4.209, p=0.042) in patients with ADHD but no significant difference between the groups for HV-difference (F=2.46, p=0.119).

DISCUSSION

The increased IRDA/IRTA rates before HV in the group with ADHD might lead to (para)epileptic short-term effects (e.g., impulsivity) via local area network inhibition, and to long-term effects (e.g., cognitive deficits) via connectivistic brain restructuring.

Address: Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Medical Campus University of Oldenburg, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy - University Hospital, Karl-Jaspers-Klinik, Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 7, 26160 Bad Zwischenahn, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Clinic for Psychiatry Luzern, Schafmattstrasse 1, 4915 St. Urban, Switzerland. Electronic address: [email protected].; Section for Experimental Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.06.039

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Case-Control Studies, Child, Delta Rhythm, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Hyperventilation, Impulsive Behavior, Linear Models, Male, Theta Rhythm