T Cell Populations and Functions Are Altered in Human Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

Sothea Touch, Karine Clément, Sébastien André

Journal: Current diabetes reports 2017;17(9):81

PMID: 28779366

Abstract

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are considered chronic inflammatory diseases. While early publications have reported the implication of innate immune cells such as macrophages to promote systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunctions, recent publications underline the alterations of the T cell compartment in human obesity and type 2 diabetes. These recent findings are the focus of this review.

RECENT FINDINGS

In humans, obesity and T2D induce the expansion of proinflammatory T cells such as CD4 Th1, Th17, and CD8 populations, whereas innate T cells such as MAIT and iNKT cells are decreased. These alterations reflect a loss of total T cell homeostasis that may contribute to tissue and systemic inflammation. Whether these changes are adaptive to nutritional variations and/or contribute to the progression of metabolic diseases remains to be clarified. T cell phenotyping may improve obese and/or T2D patient stratification with therapeutic and prognostic implications.

Address: INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team 6 Nutriomics, 75013, Paris, France.; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, 75005, Paris, France.; ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, 75013, Paris, France.; Nutrition, Endocrinology and Cardiology Departments, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013, Paris, France.; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team 6 Nutriomics, 75013, Paris, France. [email protected].; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, 75005, Paris, France. [email protected].; ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, 75013, Paris, France. [email protected].

DOI: 10.1007/s11892-017-0900-5