Genome-wide association study identifies inversion in the locus to modify risk for alcoholic and non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis.

Jonas Rosendahl, Holger Kirsten, Eszter Hegyi, Peter Kovacs, Frank Ulrich Weiss, Helmut Laumen, Peter Lichtner, Claudia Ruffert, Jian-Min Chen, Emmanuelle Masson, Sebastian Beer, Constantin Zimmer, Katharina Seltsam, Hana Algül, Florence Bühler, Marco J Bruno, Peter Bugert, Ralph Burkhardt, Giulia Martina Cavestro, Halina Cichoz-Lach, Antoni Farré, Josef Frank, Giovanni Gambaro, Sebastian Gimpfl, Harald Grallert, Heidi Griesmann, Robert Grützmann, Claus Hellerbrand, Péter Hegyi, Marcus Hollenbach, Sevastitia Iordache, Grazyna Jurkowska, Volker Keim, Falk Kiefer, Sebastian Krug, Olfert Landt, Milena Di Leo, Markus M Lerch, Philippe Lévy, Markus Löffler, Matthias Löhr, Maren Ludwig, Milan Macek, Nuria Malats, Ewa Malecka-Panas, Giovanni Malerba, Karl Mann, Julia Mayerle, Sonja Mohr, Rene H M Te Morsche, Marie Motyka, Sebastian Mueller, Thomas Müller, Markus M Nöthen, Sergio Pedrazzoli, Stephen P Pereira, Annette Peters, Roland Pfützer, Francisco X Real, Vinciane Rebours, Monika Ridinger, Marcella Rietschel, Eva Rösmann, Adrian Saftoiu, Alexander Schneider, Hans-Ulrich Schulz, Nicole Soranzo, Michael Soyka, Peter Simon, James Skipworth, Felix Stickel, Konstantin Strauch, Michael Stumvoll, Pier Alberto Testoni, Anke Tönjes, Lena Werner, Jens Werner, Norbert Wodarz, Martin Ziegler, Atsushi Masamune, Joachim Mössner, Claude Férec, Patrick Michl, Joost P H Drenth, Heiko Witt, Markus Scholz, Miklós Sahin-Tóth

Journal: Gut 2018;67(10):1855-1863

PMID: 28754779

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Alcohol-related pancreatitis is associated with a disproportionately large number of hospitalisations among GI disorders. Despite its clinical importance, genetic susceptibility to alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (CP) is poorly characterised. To identify risk genes for alcoholic CP and to evaluate their relevance in non-alcoholic CP, we performed a genome-wide association study and functional characterisation of a new pancreatitis locus.

DESIGN

1959 European alcoholic CP patients and population-based controls from the KORA, LIFE and INCIPE studies (n=4708) as well as chronic alcoholics from the GESGA consortium (n=1332) were screened with Illumina technology. For replication, three European cohorts comprising 1650 patients with non-alcoholic CP and 6695 controls originating from the same countries were used.

RESULTS

We replicated previously reported risk loci , , and in alcoholic CP patients. We identified (chymotrypsin B1 and B2) as a new risk locus with lead single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.6). We found that a 16.6 kb inversion in the locus was in linkage disequilibrium with the CP-associated SNPs and was best tagged by . The association was replicated in three independent European non-alcoholic CP cohorts of 1650 patients and 6695 controls (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.86). The inversion changes the expression ratio of the CTRB1 and CTRB2 isoforms and thereby affects protective trypsinogen degradation and ultimately pancreatitis risk.

CONCLUSION

An inversion in the locus modifies risk for alcoholic and non-alcoholic CP indicating that common pathomechanisms are involved in these inflammatory disorders.

© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Address: Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany.; Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; LIFE- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Cell Therapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Center for Exocrine Disorders, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Internal Medicine A, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.; Else Kröner-Fresenius-Zentrum für Ernährungsmedizin (EKFZ), Paediatric Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München (TUM), Freising, Germany.; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University, Halle, Germany.; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1078; Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) - Bretagne; Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale; Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d'Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest, Hôpital Morvan, Brest, France.; Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Gastroenterology, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich, Germany.; Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.; Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, German Red Cross Blood Service of Baden-Württemberg, Mannheim, Germany.; LIFE- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Vita Salute San Raffaele University - San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.; Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.; Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.; Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.; Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Institute of Internal Medicine, Renal Program, Columbus-Gemelli University Hospital, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.; Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chirurgische Klinik, Erlangen, Germany.; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.; Institute for Translational Medicine and First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.; HAS-SZTE, Momentum Gastroenterology Multidisciplinary Research Group, Szeged, Hungary.; Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania.; Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Medical University Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.; Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.; TIB MOLBIOL, Berlin, Germany.; Pôle des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, Service de Gastroentérologie-Pancréatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Clichy, France.; Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; LIFE- Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Gastrocentrum, Karolinska Institutet CLINTEC, Stockholm, Sweden.; Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Motol and 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.; Grupo de Epidemiología Genética y Molecular Programa de Genética del Cáncer Humano Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.; CIBERONC, Spain.; Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland.; Biology and Genetics, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.; Department of Medicine II, University Hospital,Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud umc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.; Department of Internal Medicine, Salem Medical Centre and Centre for Alcohol Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.; Department of Pediatrics I, Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.; Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, IV Surgical Clinic, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.; Division of Medicine, UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK.; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.; Clinic for Internal Medicine, Hospital Döbeln, Döbeln, Germany.; CIBERONC, Spain.; Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain.; Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty of Mannheim University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.; Department of Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.; The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Psychiatric Hospital, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.; Department of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.; Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Endocrinology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Internal Medicine, Neurology and Dermatology, Division of Endocrinology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.; Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, SendaiMiyagi, Japan.
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