Roel G Vink, Nadia J Roumans, Birgitta W van der Kolk, Parastoo Fazelzadeh, Mark V Boekschoten, Edwin C Mariman, Marleen A van Baak
Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2018;25(8):1391-1399
PMID: 28639346
Weight loss among the obese population is difficult to sustain and there is substantial evidence arising that biological and metabolic mechanisms are a crucial factor. In obese people, the ability of adipose tissue to remove fatty acids from circulation is impaired, and it is hypothesised that reducing the size of adipose cells through weight loss will increase the storage capacity in adipose tissue, leading to greater uptake for circulating fatty acids. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate whether diet-induced weight loss alters fat uptake in adipose tissue. In this randomised controlled trial, 16 individuals were assigned to either a low-calorie diet for 12-weeks or very low calorie diet for 5-weeks, both followed by a 4-week weight stable period and a 9-month follow up. Blood samples, adipose tissue biopsies and anthropometric measurements were taken at baseline, after weight loss, after weight stable period and at follow-up. Contrary to hypothesis, this study found that fatty acid uptake dynamics and expression of genes involved in fat metabolism were not significantly changed during the intervention period. Based on these results, the authors did not detect dietary weight loss-induced changes in gene expression involved in fat metabolism.
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated whether diet-induced weight loss alters indices of in vivo postprandial fat uptake in adipose tissue (AT) and whether these changes are associated with weight regain in adults with overweight and obesity.
METHODS
In this randomized controlled trial, 16 (6 male) individuals (BMI: 28-35 kg/m ) were randomized to either a low-calorie diet (1,250 kcal/d) for 12 weeks or a very-low-calorie diet (500 kcal/d) for 5 weeks (weight loss [WL] period) followed by a 4-week weight-stable (WS) period (together, the dietary intervention [DI] period) and a 9-month follow-up period. Arteriovenous difference measurements combined with stable isotope labeling ([U- C] palmitate) of a mixed meal were used to determine postprandial fatty acid uptake in AT.
RESULTS
Body weight was significantly reduced during the WL period (-8.2 ± 0.6 kg, P < 0.001), remained stable during the WS period (0.4 ± 0.3 kg, P = 0.150), and increased during follow-up (3.5 ± 0.8 kg, P = 0.001). Meal-derived in vivo fatty acid uptake dynamics across AT and expression of genes important for fatty acid uptake, storage, and release were not significantly changed during the DI period.
CONCLUSIONS
Subcutaneous AT does not appear prone to enhanced meal-derived fatty acid uptake after weight loss, nor were fatty acid uptake dynamics detected as related to weight regain.
© 2017 The Obesity Society.
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