Antimicrobial and biological activity of leachate from light curable pulp capping materials.

Maria Teresa Arias-Moliz, Cher Farrugia, Christie Y K Lung, Pierre Schembri Wismayer, Josette Camilleri

Journal: Journal of dentistry 2018;64():45-51

PMID: 28645637

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Characterization of a number of pulp capping materials and assessment of the leachate for elemental composition, antimicrobial activity and cell proliferation and expression.

METHODOLOGY

Three experimental light curable pulp-capping materials, Theracal and Biodentine were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The elemental composition of the leachate formed after 24h was assessed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The antimicrobial activity of the leachate was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against multispecies suspensions of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus gordonii ATCC 33478 and Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 33399. Cell proliferation and cell metabolic function over the material leachate was assessed by an indirect contact test using 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

RESULTS

The hydration behavior of the test materials varied with Biodentine being the most reactive and releasing the highest amount of calcium ions in solution. All materials tested except the unfilled resin exhibited depletion of phosphate ions from the solution indicating interaction of the materials with the media. Regardless the different material characteristics, there was a similar antimicrobial activity and cellular activity. All the materials exhibited no antimicrobial activity and were initially cytotoxic with cell metabolic function improving after 3days.

CONCLUSIONS

The development of light curable tricalcium silicate-based pulp capping materials is important to improve the bonding to the final resin restoration. Testing of both antimicrobial activity and biological behavior is critical for material development. The experimental light curable materials exhibited promising biological properties but require further development to enhance the antimicrobial characteristics.

Address: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Malta.; Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Malta.; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Malta. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.06.006