Yoriko Heianza, Dianjianyi Sun, Tiange Wang, Tao Huang, George A Bray, Frank M Sacks, Lu Qi
Journal: Diabetes 2017;66(9):2416-2423
PMID: 28659346
Salivary and pancreatic amylases are responsible for the digestion of starchy foods. Specific genes that encode these amylases control both the activity and amount produced. While increasing evidence suggests the AMY1 gene is associated with obesity, existing results have not been conclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genetic variations involved in starch metabolism are associated with long-term changes in adiposity among 692 overweight and obese individuals. Participants were randomly assigned to diets varying in macronutrient content for two years. Anthropometric measurements were recorded at baseline and every six months and blood samples were taken at baseline, 6 and 24 months. This study found the AMY1-AMY2 rs11185098 genotype to be associated with higher amylase activity, as well as reductions in body weight and waist circumference. Based on these results, the authors conclude overweight and obese individuals carrying this genotype may experience greater loss of adiposity during weight-loss interventions.
Salivary and pancreatic amylases (encoded by and genes, respectively) are responsible for digesting starchy foods. and show copy number variations that affect differences in amylase amount and activity, and copies have been associated with adiposity. We investigated whether genetic variants determining amylase gene copies are associated with 2-year changes in adiposity among 692 overweight and obese individuals who were randomly assigned to diets varying in macronutrient content. We found that changes in body weight (BW) and waist circumference (WC) were significantly different according to the rs11185098 genotype. Individuals carrying the A allele (indicating higher amylase amount and activity) showed a greater reduction in BW and WC at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months than those without the A allele ( < 0.05 for all). The association was stronger for long-term changes compared with short-term changes of these outcomes. The genetic effects on these outcomes did not significantly differ across diet groups. In conclusion, the genetic variant determining starch metabolism influences the response to weight-loss dietary intervention. Overweight and obese individuals carrying the rs11185098 genotype associated with higher amylase activity may have greater loss of adiposity during low-calorie diet interventions.
© 2017 by the American Diabetes Association.
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