Allergic Contact Dermatitis.

Lisa Kostner, Florian Anzengruber, Caroline Guillod, Mike Recher, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Alexander A Navarini

Journal: Immunology and allergy clinics of North America 2017;37(1):141-152

PMID: 27886903

Abstract

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common skin disease caused by a T cell-mediated immune reaction to usually innocuous allergens. ACD can have grave medical and socioeconomic consequences. ACD and irritant contact dermatitis often occur together. A detailed history and clinical examination are crucial and guide patch testing, which is the gold standard to diagnose ACD. T-cell clones persisting in the skin may explain the tendency of ACD to relapse even after years of allergen avoidance. Traditional treatments for ACD are topical steroids, calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, retinoids (including the recent alitretinoin), and immunosuppressants. Targeted therapies are lacking.

Address: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.; Immunodeficiency Clinic, Medical Outpatient Unit and Immunodeficiency Lab, Department Biomedicine, University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2016.08.014

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MeSH Terms: Allergens, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact, Dermatitis, Irritant, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Occupational Exposure, Patch Tests, Skin