A Magic Spot in Genome Maintenance.

Aviram Rasouly, Bibhusita Pani, Evgeny Nudler

Journal: Trends in genetics : TIG 2017;33(1):58-67

PMID: 27931778

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Abstract

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the key DNA repair system that eliminates the majority of DNA helix-distorting lesions. RNA polymerase (RNAP) expedites the recognition of DNA damage by NER components via transcription-coupled DNA repair (TCR). In bacteria, a modified nucleotide ppGpp ('magic spot') is a pleiotropic second messenger that mediates the response to nutrient deficiencies by altering the initiation properties of RNAP. In this review, we discuss newly elucidated roles of guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) in transcription elongation that couple this alarmone to DNA damage repair and maintenance.

Address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2016.11.002

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MeSH Terms: DNA, DNA Damage, DNA Repair, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases, Transcription, Genetic