The role of hyperpolarized xenon in MR imaging of pulmonary function.

Lukas Ebner, Jeff Kammerman, Bastiaan Driehuys, Mark L Schiebler, Robert V Cadman, Sean B Fain

Journal: European journal of radiology 2017;86():343-352

PMID: 27707585

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Abstract

In the last two decades, functional imaging of the lungs using hyperpolarized noble gases has entered the clinical stage. Both helium (He) and xenon (Xe) gas have been thoroughly investigated for their ability to assess both the global and regional patterns of lung ventilation. With advances in polarizer technology and the current transition towards the widely available Xe gas, this method is ready for translation to the clinic. Currently, hyperpolarized (HP) noble gas lung MRI is limited to selected academic institutions; yet, the promising results from initial clinical trials have drawn the attention of the pulmonary medicine community. HP Xe MRI provides not only 3-dimensional ventilation imaging, but also unique capabilities for probing regional lung physiology. In this review article, we aim to (1) provide a brief overview of current ventilation MR imaging techniques, (2) emphasize the role of HP Xe MRI within the array of different imaging strategies, (3) discuss the unique imaging possibilities with HP Xe MRI, and (4) propose clinical applications.

Address: Cardiothoracic Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.; Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.; Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.; Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.; Departments of Medical Physics, Radiology, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.09.015

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MeSH Terms: Airway Obstruction, Contrast Media, Gases, Helium, Humans, Lung, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Noble Gases, Oxygen, Respiration, Xenon Isotopes