Impact of European medicines agency recommendations for hypersensitivity reactions on intravenous iron prescription in haemodialysis centres of the Lombardy region.

BACKGROUND

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has recommended measures to minimize the risk of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to intravenous iron (IVFe). We analysed the effects of these recommendations on IVFe clinical management among haemodialysis centres (HDCs) in Lombardy, Italy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A questionnaire was sent to all 117 HDCs to collect information on centre characteristics, e.g. HDC type [hospital centre (HC) vs. centre with limited assistance (CAL)], presence/absence of intensive care unit (ICU) and/or emergency trained staff, IVFe therapy regarding molecules, administration modalities, side effects, and percentage variations in iron prescription between 2014 and 2013 (outcome, Δ-IVFe%). A linear regression model was applied to evaluate the focus effect (β) of HDC type on the outcome, controlling for possible confounding effects of the other characteristics.

RESULTS

Response rate was 73.5 %. IVFe therapy was used in 69.1 % (HDC range 11-100) of patients. Following EMA recommendations, prescription was reduced by 12.6 %, with the largest reduction observed in CALs. No severe HSRs were reported. HCs had more frequently an ICU [97.2 vs. 20 %, odds ratio (OR) = 63.6 (95 % confidence interval 15.56; 537.47), p < 0.001], emergency trained staff [97.2 vs. 61.2 %, OR = 10.7 (2.68; 85.33), p < 0.001] and instrumental facilities (91.7 vs. 58 %, OR = 5.8 (2.03; 23.55), p < 0.001] than CALs. Linear regression demonstrated a significant raw effect of HDC type on Δ- IVFe% [β =  19.6 (9.82; 30.63), p < 0.001]. No association was found when HDC type was adjusted for ICU-presence [β = 6.7 (-2.32; 18.30), p = 0.199] or for all-confounding factors [β = 5.6 (-5.50; 17.08), p = 0.337].

CONCLUSIONS

This survey shows a disparity in IVFe therapy prescription following EMA recommendations, which is largely influenced by the presence/absence of ICUs in HD centres.