The Toronto Consensus for the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Adults.

Carlo A Fallone, Naoki Chiba, Sander Veldhuyzen van Zanten, Lori Fischbach, Javier P Gisbert, Richard H Hunt, Nicola L Jones, Craig Render, Grigorios I Leontiadis, Paul Moayyedi, John K Marshall

Journal: Gastroenterology 2017;151(1):51-69.e14

PMID: 27102658

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS

Helicobacter pylori infection is increasingly difficult to treat. The purpose of these consensus statements is to provide a review of the literature and specific, updated recommendations for eradication therapy in adults.

METHODS

A systematic literature search identified studies on H pylori treatment. The quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were rated according to the Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Statements were developed through an online platform, finalized, and voted on by an international working group of specialists chosen by the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology.

RESULTS

Because of increasing failure of therapy, the consensus group strongly recommends that all H pylori eradication regimens now be given for 14 days. Recommended first-line strategies include concomitant nonbismuth quadruple therapy (proton pump inhibitor [PPI] + amoxicillin + metronidazole + clarithromycin [PAMC]) and traditional bismuth quadruple therapy (PPI + bismuth + metronidazole + tetracycline [PBMT]). PPI triple therapy (PPI + clarithromycin + either amoxicillin or metronidazole) is restricted to areas with known low clarithromycin resistance or high eradication success with these regimens. Recommended rescue therapies include PBMT and levofloxacin-containing therapy (PPI + amoxicillin + levofloxacin). Rifabutin regimens should be restricted to patients who have failed to respond to at least 3 prior options.

CONCLUSIONS

Optimal treatment of H pylori infection requires careful attention to local antibiotic resistance and eradication patterns. The quadruple therapies PAMC or PBMT should play a more prominent role in eradication of H pylori infection, and all treatments should be given for 14 days.

Address: Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: [email protected].; Guelph GI and Surgery Clinic, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.; Department of Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.; Gastroenterology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain.; Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Departments of Paediatrics and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.

DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.04.006

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Amoxicillin, Anti-Infective Agents, Bismuth, Canada, Clarithromycin, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Therapy, Combination, Helicobacter Infections, Helicobacter pylori, Humans, Levofloxacin, Metronidazole, Proton Pump Inhibitors, Tetracycline