Time-Lapse Monitoring of DNA Damage Colocalized With Particle Tracks in Single Living Cells.

Conor H McFadden, Timothy M Hallacy, David B Flint, Dal A Granville, Aroumougame Asaithamby, Narayan Sahoo, Mark S Akselrod, Gabriel O Sawakuchi

Journal: International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics 2017;96(1):221-7

PMID: 27511858

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Abstract

PURPOSE

Understanding the DNA damage and repair induced by hadron therapy (HT) beams is crucial for developing novel strategies to maximize the use of HT beams to treat cancer patients. However, spatiotemporal studies of DNA damage and repair for beam energies relevant to HT have been challenging. We report a technique that enables spatiotemporal measurement of radiation-induced damage in live cells and colocalization of this damage with charged particle tracks over a broad range of clinically relevant beam energies. The technique uses novel fluorescence nuclear track detectors with fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy in the beam line to visualize particle track traversals within the subcellular compartments of live cells within seconds after injury.

METHODS AND MATERIALS

We designed and built a portable fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscope for use in the beam path, coated fluorescence nuclear track detectors with fluorescent-tagged live cells (HT1080 expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein tagged to XRCC1, a single-strand break repair protein), placed the entire assembly into a proton therapy beam line, and irradiated the cells with a fluence of ∼1 × 10(6) protons/cm(2).

RESULTS

We successfully obtained confocal images of proton tracks and foci of DNA single-strand breaks immediately after irradiation.

CONCLUSIONS

This technique represents an innovative method for analyzing biological responses in any HT beam line at energies and dose rates relevant to therapy. It allows precise determination of the number of tracks traversing a subcellular compartment and monitoring the cellular damage therein, and has the potential to measure the linear energy transfer of each track from therapeutic beams.

Address: Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.; Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas.; Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas.; Department of Medical Physics, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, Texas.; Crystal Growth Division, Landauer, Inc, Stillwater, Oklahoma.; Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, Texas. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.04.007

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MeSH Terms: Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Tracking, DNA Damage, DNA, Neoplasm, Humans, Linear Energy Transfer, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Neoplasms, Experimental, Proton Therapy, Protons, Time-Lapse Imaging