Diabetes Mellitus Review.

Meg Blair

Journal: Urologic nursing 2016;36(1):27-36

PMID: 27093761

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of physiological dysfunctions characterized by hyperglycemia resulting directly from insulin resistance, inadequate insulin secretion, or excessive glucagon secretion. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder leading to the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is much more common, is primarily a problem of progressively impaired glucose regulation due to a combination of dysfunctional pancreatic beta cells and insulin resistance. The purpose of this article is to review the basic science of type 2 diabetes and its complications, and to discuss the most recent treatment guidelines.

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MeSH Terms: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Nephropathies, Diabetic Neuropathies, Diabetic Retinopathy, Diet, Diabetic, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Motor Activity, Nephrology Nursing