A randomized prospective study of oral versus intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis against postoperative infection after sagittal split ramus osteotomy of the mandible.

K Harada, M Mori, T Yoda, E Sakai, I Sakamoto, S Enomoto

Journal: Chemotherapy 2001;46(6):438-44

PMID: 11053909

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

We investigated whether oral levofloxacin was as effective as intravenous cefazolin sodium for preventing postoperative infections in patients undergoing sagittal split ramus osteotomy of the mandible.

METHODS

Forty-four patients were randomized to treatment with levofloxacin or cefazolin sodium. Levofloxacin (100 mg t.d.s.) was administered orally, and cefazolin sodium (1 g b.i.d.) by intravenous infusion. Both drugs were given until 5 days postoperatively. The concentrations of levofloxacin in the mandibular bone marrow and serum were measured.

RESULTS

The mean levofloxacin concentration 4 h and 53.7 min after administration was 1.086 microg/ml in serum and 1.328 microg/ml in the mandibular bone marrow. The efficacy rate of levofloxacin was 95% and that of cefazolin sodium was 85.7%, with no significant difference between the two drugs (p = 0.322).

CONCLUSION

Oral administration of levofloxacin is a simple, cost-effective and safe alternative to intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis after mandibular surgery.

Address: Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. [email protected]

DOI: 10.1159/000007312

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MeSH Terms: Administration, Oral, Adult, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Cefazolin, Female, Fever, Humans, Injections, Intravenous, Levofloxacin, Male, Mandible, Ofloxacin, Oral Surgical Procedures, Osteotomy, Prospective Studies, Surgical Wound Infection, Treatment Outcome