Controversies and Misconceptions in Intensive Care Unit Nutrition.

Michael H Hooper, Paul E Marik

Journal: Clinics in chest medicine 2016;36(3):409-18

PMID: 26304278

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

The early initiation of enteral nutrition remains a fundamental component of the management of critically ill and injured patients in the intensive care unit. Trophic feeding is equivalent, if not superior, to full-dose feeding. Parenteral nutrition has no proved benefit over enteral nutrition, which is the preferred route of nutritional support in intensive care unit patients with a functional gastrointestinal tract. Continuous enteral and parental nutrition inhibits the release of important enterohormones. These changes are reversed with intermittent bolus feeding. Whey protein, which is high in leucine, has a greater effect on insulin release and protein synthesis than does a soy- or casein-based enteral formula.

Address: Eastern Virginia Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 410, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Eastern Virginia Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, 825 Fairfax Avenue, Suite 410, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2015.05.013

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Intensive Care Units, Parenteral Nutrition