The Origin, Expression, Function and Future Research Focus of a G Protein-coupled Receptor, Mas-related Gene X2 (MrgX2).

Haihui Wu, Meiqi Zeng, Eric Y P Cho, Wenqi Jiang, Ou Sha

Journal: Progress in histochemistry and cytochemistry 2016;50(1-2):11-7

PMID: 26106044

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Abstract

Mas-related genes (Mrgs) belong to a large family of G protein-coupled receptor genes found in rodents. Human MRGX proteins are G protein-coupled 7-transmembrane proteins sharing 41-52% amino acid identity with each other, but have no orthologs in rodents. MrgX2 is a member of the MrgX family. MRGX2 is expressed in the small neurons of sensory ganglia and mast cells. It can interact with a series of factors and genes such as the peptides substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, cortistatin (CST), proadrenomedullin N-terminal peptide (PAMP), LL-37, PMX-53 and β-defensins. MRGX2 is related to nociception, adrenal gland secretion and mast cell degranulation. Recent research on MrgX2 provides insights into its role in nociception and anti-microbial activities. This article reviewed the origin, expression and function of MrgX2, and discussed possible future research focus.

Address: Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.; Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China.; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.proghi.2015.06.001

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MeSH Terms: Adrenomedullin, Cell Degranulation, Dextrorphan, Evolution, Molecular, Ganglia, Sensory, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Mast Cells, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neuropeptides, Nociception, Pain, Protein Isoforms, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Receptors, Neuropeptide, Signal Transduction, Substance P, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide