Antibiotic therapy in the management of atopic dermatitis.

A Belloni Fortina, L Neri

Journal: Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia 2015;150(3):321-5

PMID: 25786482

Full Text on Minerva Medica View on PubMed

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a syndrome characterized by a chronic eczematous dermatitis, with associated pruritus, characteristic age-specific morphology and distribution of lesions and recurrent nature. Secondary infections in patients with AD are very common and difficult to treat. S. aureus colonizes almost all eczematous lesions in atopic patients and releases several super-antigens and exotoxins (i.e., toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, enterotoxins A-D, etc.), which sustain inflammatory reactions and promote tachyphylaxis. The topical antibiotics most commonly prescribed for mild/moderate secondary infections are gentamicin, fusidic acid and mupirocine. This article reviews existing therapeutic options and provides guidance for the management of secondary skin infection among patients with AD.

Address: Unit of Pediatric Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy - [email protected].

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MeSH Terms: Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antigens, Bacterial, Child, Dermatitis, Atopic, Disease Susceptibility, Disinfectants, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Drug Therapy, Combination, Fusidic Acid, Humans, Skin, Skin Diseases, Bacterial, Sodium Hypochlorite, Staphylococcal Skin Infections, Staphylococcus aureus, Superantigens, Superinfection