Treatment options for hypertriglyceridemia: from risk reduction to pancreatitis.

Lars Berglund, John D Brunzell, Anne C Goldberg, Ira J Goldberg, Anton Stalenhoef

Journal: Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism 2015;28(3):423-37

PMID: 24840268

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Abstract

While there has been considerable focus on the role and treatment of LDL cholesterol levels, a definitive role of triglycerides in the management of cardiovascular disease has been uncertain. Notably, with increasing triglyceride levels, there is a parallel increase in cholesterol levels carried by triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, which has prompted interest in the use of non-HDL cholesterol levels as a tool guiding interventions. Recent studies have provided evidence for an independent role of triglyceride levels as a cardiovascular risk factor, and recently, an Endocrine Society guideline was published for treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. In contrast to the relative uncertainty regarding triglycerides and cardiovascular disease, a role of very high triglyceride levels as a risk factor for pancreatitis has been well known. The present paper summarizes the underlying evidence for a risk role for triglyceride levels in cardiovascular disease and pancreatitis, current treatment recommendations and areas of future research.

Address: Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Northern California Health Care System, 2921 Stockton Blvd, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street, UW Mailbox 356426, Seattle, WA 98195-6426, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8127, 660 South Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, Presbyterian Hospital, PH 10-305, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2013.10.002

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MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases, Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine, Humans, Hypertriglyceridemia, Pancreatitis, Risk Factors, Risk Reduction Behavior, Triglycerides