Anticancer mechanism of apigenin and the implications of GLUT-1 expression in head and neck cancers.

Apigenin, a natural phytoestrogen flavonoid, has potential biological effects, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. The mechanisms of anticancer activities of apigenin are unknown. Some studies have found that apigenin inhibits GLUT-1 mRNA and protein expression in cancer cells. Thus, we hypothesized that apigenin exerts similar effects on head and neck cancers through its inhibition of GLUT-1 expression. In this article, we review the anticancer mechanism of apigenin and the implications of GLUT-1 expression in head and neck cancers. In addition, we describe the current state of knowledge about the relationship between apigenin and GLUT-1 expression in head and neck cancers.