Mimics and rare presentations of pediatric demyelination.

Julia O'Mahony, Manohar Shroff, Brenda Banwell

Journal: Neuroimaging clinics of North America 2013;23(2):321-36

PMID: 23608693

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Abstract

This article reviews the features that should prompt consideration of diseases that mimic acquired demyelinating syndromes and multiple sclerosis using vignettes to highlight unusual clinical and radiologic features. Cases of transverse myelitis, spinal infarction, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, fever-induced refractory epileptic encephalopathy in school-aged children, small-vessel vasculitis, Griscelli syndrome type 2, cysticercosis, vitamin B12 deficiency, and chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy are presented.

Address: Divison of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2012.12.010

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MeSH Terms: Child, Demyelinating Diseases, Diagnosis, Differential, Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated, Humans, Image Enhancement, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes, Infarction, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multiple Sclerosis, Myelitis, Transverse, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Optic Neuritis, Piebaldism, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Spinal Cord