ACP-Mediated Phase Transformation for Collagen Mineralization: A New Understanding of the Mechanism.

Songzhe Shan, Zhenhang Tang, Kaida Sun, Wenjing Jin, Haihua Pan, Ruikang Tang, Wei Yin, Zhijian Xie, Zhuo Chen, Changyu Shao

Journal: Advanced healthcare materials 2024;13(2):e2302418

PMID: 37742096

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Abstract

Despite significant efforts utilizing advanced technologies, the contentious debate surrounding the intricate mechanism underlying collagen fibril mineralization, particularly with regard to amorphous precursor infiltration and phase transformation, persists. This work proposes an amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)-mediated pathway for collagen fibril mineralization and utilizing stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy technology, and has experimentally confirmed for the first time that the ACP nanoparticles can infiltrate inside collagen fibrils. Subsequently, the ACP-mediated phase transformation occurs within collagen fibrils to form HAP crystallites, and significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the mineralized collagen fibrils compared to those achieved by the calcium phosphate ion (CPI)-mediated mineralization and resembles the natural counterpart. Furthermore, demineralized dentin can be effectively remineralized through ACP-mediated mineralization, leading to complete restoration of its mechanical properties. This work provides a new paradigm of collagen mineralization via particle-mediated phase transformation, deepens the understanding of the mechanism behind the mineralization of collagen fibrils, and offers a new strategy for hard tissue repair.

Address: Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.; Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.; Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.; Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302418

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MeSH Terms: Collagen, Extracellular Matrix, Calcium Phosphates