Ecofriendly alkali metal cations diffusion improves fabrication of mixed-phase titania polymorphs on fixed substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) for photocatalytic degradation of azo dye.

Navadecho Chankhunthod, Patcharanan Junploy, Suwit Suthirakun, Lappawat Ngamwongwan, Chitsanupong Phromma, Nantawat Ruchusartsawat, Adisak Siyasukh, Pattama Yanu, Pimluck Kijjanapanich, Saranphong Yimklan, Apinpus Rujiwatra, Rik Drummond-Brydson, Yothin Chimupala

Journal: Environmental research 2023;239(Pt 2):117347

PMID: 37821062

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Controlling the nanoscale synthesis of semiconductor TiO on a fixed substrate has fascinated the curiosity of academics for decades. Synthesis development is required to give an easy-to-control technique and parameters for TiO manufacture, leading to advancements in prospective applications such as photocatalysts. This study, mixed-phase TiO(B)/other titania thin films were synthesized on a fused quartz substrate utilizing a modified Chemical vapor depodition involving alkali-metal ions (Li, Na, and K) solution pre-treatment. It was discovered that different cations promote dramatically varied phases and compositions of thin films. The films had a columnar structure with agglomerated irregular-shaped particles with a mean thickness of 800-2000 nm. Na ions can promote TiO(B) more effectively than K ions, however Li ions cannot synthesize TiO(B). The amounts of TiO(B) in thin films increase with increasing alkali metal (K and Na) concentration. According to experimental and DFT calculations, the hypothesized TiO(B) production mechanism happened via the meta-stable intermediate alkaline titanate transformation caused by alkali-metal ion diffusion. The mixed phase of TiO(B) and anatase TiO on the fixed substrate (1 × 1 cm) obtained from Na pre-treated procedures showed significant photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue. KTiO, LiTiO, Rutile TiO, and Brookite TiO phase formations produced by K and Li pretreatment are low activity photocatalysts. Photocatalytic activities were more prevalent in NaOH pre-treated samples (59.1% dye degradation) than in LiOH and KOH pre-treated samples (49.6% and 34.2%, respectively). This revealed that our developed CVD might generate good photocatalytic thin films of mixed-phase TiO(B)/anatase TiO on any substrate, accelerating progress in future applications.

Address: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Institute of Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy (IN-RIE), NANOTECH-KKU RNNon Nanomaterials Research and Innovation for Energy, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand.; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.; School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.; School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.; Chiang Mai University Demonstration School, Faculty of Education, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.; Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.; School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117347

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Azo Compounds, Catalysis, Cations, Metals, Alkali, Lithium, Alkalies, Cardiovascular Diseases