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1.
The effectiveness of a saline mouth rinse regimen and education programme on radiation-induced oral mucositis and quality of life in oral cavity cancer patients: A randomised controlled trial.
Huang, BS, Wu, SC, Lin, CY, Fan, KH, Chang, JT, Chen, SC
European journal of cancer care. 2018;(2):e12819
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) and concurrent chemotherapy RT (CCRT) generate radiation-induced oral mucositis (OM) and lower quality of life (QOL). This study assessed the impact of a saline mouth rinse regimen and education programme on radiation-induced OM symptoms, and QOL in oral cavity cancer (OCC) patients receiving RT or CCRT. Ninety-one OCC patients were randomly divided into a group that received saline mouth rinses and an education programme and a control group that received standard care. OM symptoms and QOL were assessed with the WHO Oral Toxicity Scale, MSS-moo and UW-QOL. Data were collected at the first postoperative visit to the radiation department (T0) and at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after beginning RT or CCRT. Patients in both groups had significantly higher levels of physical and social-emotional QOL at 8 weeks after beginning RT or CCRT compared to the first visit. Patients in the saline rinse group had significantly better physical and social-emotional QOL as compared to the standard care group at 8 weeks. Radiation-induced OM symptoms and overall QOL were not different between the groups. We thus conclude the saline rinse and education programme promote better physical and social-emotional QOL in OCC patients receiving RT/CCRT.
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2.
Postoperative effects on lower third molars of using mouthwashes with super-oxidized solution versus 0.2% chlorhexidine gel: A randomized double-blind trial.
Coello-Gómez, A, Navarro-Suárez, S, Diosdado-Cano, JM, Azcárate-Velazquez, F, Bargiela-Pérez, P, Serrera-Figallo, MA, Torres-Lagares, D, Gutiérrez-Pérez, JL
Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 2018;(6):e716-e722
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effects and possible benefits with regard to the postoperative period of lower third molar extractions, comparing the intraalveolar application of a bioadhesive gel of 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) to the use of a mouthwash with a super-oxidized solution, (SOS) Dermacyn® Wound Care (Oculus Innovative Sciences lnc., California, USA). MATERIAL AND METHODS A randomized double-blind study was carried out in 20 patients with a split-mouth design, with a total of 40 extractions of symmetrically impacted bilateral lower third molars. Patients were divided into two groups, a control group (C = 20) and an experimental group (D = 20). Any infectious complications, wound healing, plaque accumulation in the stitches, and presence of trismus and inflammation were evaluated using the distance between different facial points, at three, eight, and fifteen days after extraction. Pain, swelling, and amount of analgesics taken were evaluated using the VAS scale throughout the 15 days following extraction. Tolerance to treatment was evaluated using a verbal scale. Results were statistically compared using the Student's t- and chi-squared tests. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to infectious complications, swelling, or wound healing. Use of analgesics and self-reported pain levels were slightly lower in the experimental group than in the control group during days 6 and 7 of the study (p < 0.05). The global treatment tolerance was satisfactory and similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Both CHX and SOS are effective at improving the postoperative period after extraction of lower third molars.
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3.
Reduction of FENO by tap water and carbonated water mouthwashes: magnitude and time course.
Lassmann-Klee, PG, Lindholm, T, Metsälä, M, Halonen, L, Sovijärvi, ARA, Piirilä, P
Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. 2018;(1-2):153-156
Abstract
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) assesses eosinophilic inflammation of the airways, but FENO values are also influenced by oral nitric oxide (NO). The aim of this pilot study was to measure FENO and compare the effect of two different mouthwashes on FENO and analyse the duration of the effect. FENO was measured in 12 randomized volunteers (healthy or asthmatic subjects) with a NIOX VERO® analyser at an expiratory flow rate of 50 mL/s. After a baseline measurement, a mouthwash was performed either with tap water or carbonated water and was measured during 20 min in 2 min intervals. The procedure was repeated with the other mouthwash. We found that both mouthwashes reduced FENO immediately at the beginning compared to the baseline (p < .001). The carbonated water mouthwash effect lasted 12 min (p ranging from <0.001 to <0.05). The tap water mouthwash reduced FENO statistically significantly only for 2 min compared with the baseline. We conclude that a single carbonated water mouthwash can significantly reduce the oropharyngeal NO contribution during a 12 min time interval.
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4.
Carbohydrate mouth rinse does not affect performance during a 60-min running race in women.
Chryssanthopoulos, C, Ziaras, C, Oosthuyse, T, Lambropoulos, I, Giorgios P, P, Zacharogiannis, E, Philippou, A, Maridaki, M
Journal of sports sciences. 2018;(7):824-833
Abstract
This study examined the effect of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on endurance running performance in women. Fifteen female recreational endurance runners, who used no oral contraceptives, ran two races of 1-h duration on an indoor track (216-m length) at 18:00 h after an 8-h fast with a 7-days interval between races, corresponding to the 3rd-10th day of each premenopausal runner's menstrual cycle, or any day for the postmenopausal runners. In a double-blind random order, participants rinsed their mouth with 25 ml of either a 6.4% carbohydrate (RCHO) or a placebo solution (RP). No fluid was ingested during exercise. Serum 17β-Εstradiol (P = 0.59) and Progesterone (P = 0.35) did not differ between treatments. There was no difference in 1-hour running performance (RCHO: 10,621.88 ± 205.98 m vs. RP: 10,454.00 ± 206.64 m; t = 1.784, P = 0.096). Furthermore, the mean percentage effect (±99%CI) of RCHO relative to RP, 1.67% (-1.1% to 4.4%), and Cohen's effect size (d = 0.21) support a trivial outcome of RCHO for total distance covered. In conclusion, carbohydrate mouth rinsing did not improve 60-min track running performance in female recreational runners competing in a low ovarian hormone condition, after an 8-h fast and when no fluid was ingested during exercise.
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5.
Impact of gingivitis treatment for diabetic patients on quality of life related to periodontal objective parameters: A randomized controlled clinical trial.
Cortelli, SC, Costa, FO, Gargioni-Filho, A, Aquino, DR, Cota, LOM, Scherma, AP, Miranda, TB, Cortelli, JR
Archives of oral biology. 2018;:80-86
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with diabetes have a poor oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). It is not clear if this situation could be changed with effective periodontal treatment. This study examined both patients with diabetes and systemically healthy individuals to discover the impact of a gingivitis treatment protocol on OHRQoL and its relation to objective periodontal parameters. DESIGN After ultrasonic debridement, patients were randomly assigned to an essential-oils (EO) or placebo mouthwash group. At baseline and 3 months, OHRQoL was assessed with the Oral Health and Quality of Life-United Kingdom questionnaire (OHQoL-UK) along with clinical, halitometric, microbiological and inflammatory objective parameters. The primary outcome was a change in OHQoL-UK scores. A factor analysis was performed and the impact of the extracted quality of life factor (QLF) and its interactions with diabetes, treatment, and time on the objective parameters, were tested by multiple linear regression models (p < 0.05). Chi-Square test compared questionnaire-answering profiles (p<0.05). RESULTS Combined treatment with EO provided OHQoL improvements in both systemic conditions. Positive effect of oral health status on quality of life increased in EO groups but not in placebo groups. Question I (self-confidence) showed the greatest factorial weight, while Question A (food intake) showed the lowest factorial weight. All patients who showed OHRQoL improvements and used the EO rinse showed the lowest plaque and gingival indices and lower levels of bacteria and volatile sulfur compounds. CONCLUSIONS OHRQoL positively changed overtime. Most effective treatment protocols would provide better improvements in OHRQoL which is related to periodontal objective measures.
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6.
Efficacy of green tea-based mouthwashes on dental plaque and gingival inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Mathur, A, Gopalakrishnan, D, Mehta, V, Rizwan, SA, Shetiya, SH, Bagwe, S
Indian journal of dental research : official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research. 2018;(2):225-232
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and if appropriate a meta-analysis of the efficacy of daily rinsing with green tea-based mouthwashes in terms of plaque index (PI) and/or gingival index (GI) as compared to other mouthwashes in plaque-induced gingivitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, IndMed, Google Scholar, and major journals were searched for studies up to December 2016. A comprehensive search strategy was designed, and the eligible articles were independently screened for eligibility by two reviewers. Randomized controlled trials in which individuals were intervened with oral mouthwashes of interest were included. Where appropriate, a meta-analysis was performed and standardized mean differences (SMDs) for GI and PI were calculated. RESULTS A total of 9 articles out of the 311 titles met the eligibility criteria. A meta-analysis was performed for five studies that compared green tea-based mouthwashes with chlorhexidine (CHX). The SMD for PI was -0.14 (95% CI: -1.70, 1.43; P = 0.86 and I2 = 94%), while that for GI was 0.43 ((95% CI: -0.63, 1.49; P = 0.43, I2 = 89%). Both these estimates suffered from significant heterogeneity. For both PI and GI, two studies were in favor of green tea while three studies were in favor of CHX. CONCLUSIONS Green tea-based mouthwashes can be considered an alternative to CHX mouthwashes in sustaining oral hygiene, especially because of the added advantages provided by such herbal preparations.
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7.
Prevention of Stomatitis: Using Dexamethasone-Based Mouthwash to Inhibit Everolimus-Related Stomatitis.
Saigal, B, Guerra, L
Clinical journal of oncology nursing. 2018;(2):211-217
Abstract
BACKGROUND A common class-specific toxicity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors is stomatitis. Some patients experience a severe form of mTOR inhibitor-associated stomatitis (mIAS) that can have a negative effect on nutritional status, compromise quality of life, and potentially lead to nonadherence, reducing the efficacy of cancer therapy. OBJECTIVES This article aims to address an unmet need for education about mIAS among oncology nurses and patients and to share findings about everolimus-related stomatitis from the SWISH trial. METHODS The authors reviewed the literature on mIAS and selected a case series of experiences to illustrate successes and clinical challenges that an oncology nurse might encounter when caring for patients with advanced breast cancer who may develop everolimus-related stomatitis. FINDINGS Recommendations are provided for oncology nurses to educate patients on prevention, early detection, monitoring, and management strategies to mitigate the incidence and severity of everolimus-related stomatitis.
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8.
Lactobacillus salivarius NK02: a Potent Probiotic for Clinical Application in Mouthwash.
Sajedinejad, N, Paknejad, M, Houshmand, B, Sharafi, H, Jelodar, R, Shahbani Zahiri, H, Noghabi, KA
Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins. 2018;(3):485-495
Abstract
A specific strain of naturally occurring oral lactobacilli was isolated and identified based on morphological, biochemical, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The phylogenetic affiliation of the isolate confirmed that the NK02 strain had close association with the Lactobacillus salivarius. An effective mouthwash was developed for treatment of periodontitis and suppression of the indicator bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans which is an obvious pathogen of periodontal disease. The mouthwash containing L. salivarius NK02 was tested at a dose level of 108 (colony forming units (CFU) ml-1), monitoring over a period of 4 weeks. The study was a randomized double-blind placebo control trial, and the patients were treated in two groups of control and test by using scaling and root planing (SRP) + placebo and scaling and root planing (SRP) + probiotic, respectively. It appeared that the probiotic mouthwash was able to inhibit the bacterial growth on both saliva and sub-gingival crevice and exhibited antibacterial activity against A. actinomycetemcomitans. The results also showed that SRP+ probiotic treatment led to a significant decrease of gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) compared with that of SRP + placebo for the probiotic group. The rate of decrease in pocket depth was displayed in the group with SRP + probiotic treatment equal to 1/2 mm, and probing pocket depth (PPD) value was decreased in the probiotic bacteria treatment group that can explain the decrease in inflammation in gingiva. Our findings suggest that probiotic mouthwash is healthy for daily use as an alternative for maintaining dental and periodontal health.
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9.
[Action of Calendula officinalis essence on bone preservation after the extraction].
Uribe-Fentanes, LK, Soriano-Padilla, F, Pérez-Frutos, JR, Veras-Hernández, MA
Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. 2018;(1):98-105
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calendula officinalis is a phytodrug used as analgesic, antiseptic and wound-healing agent due to its collagenogenic effect, which is why it is a convenient and affordable treatment that promotes alveolar bone preservation after tooth extraction in vivo. The aim of this study was to use Calendula officinalis during and after tooth extraction to determine its ability to preserve bone after this procedure. METHODS We established two groups matched by age, gender and position of the third molar. We used with patients on the experimental group Calendula officinalis diluted 10% as an irrigant during surgical extraction of third molars. We performed the conventional way with the control group irrigating with saline solution. Subsequently, both groups continued to make mouthwash for a week with the irrigating agent. Every week for a month, each patient underwent periapical radiography, out of which we took measurements of alveolar ridges and depth of alveolar bone, which were compared. CONCLUSIONS There is statistically significant evidence to state that Calendula officinalis favorably affects bone preservation after extraction.
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10.
Effect of Bleaching Mouthwash on Force Decay of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chains.
Behnaz, M, Namvar, F, Sohrabi, S, Parishanian, M
The journal of contemporary dental practice. 2018;(2):221-225
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Force decay elastomeric chains are significant, and it is a clinical problem. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bleaching agent in the mouthwash on the force decay of orthodontic chains. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 160 gray closed elastomeric chains were randomly divided into three groups (one control and two test groups). Four loops of chains were stretched for 25 mm on custom-made jig. Control group specimens were immersed in artificial saliva during the test period. Test group specimens were immersed twice a day for 30 seconds in the whitening (LISTERINE® HEALTHY WHITE™) and daily sodium fluoride (LISTERINE® TOTAL CARE ZERO) mouthwashes. All specimens were immersed in artificial saliva at 37°C. Force was measured at different time points (initial, 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 days). Statistical analysis was performed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni methods (a = 0.05). RESULTS Force of elastomeric chains was decreased dramatically in all groups during the experiment. After 24 hours, force was decreased by 42.18, 48.34, and 53.38% in control group, daily, and bleaching mouthwash groups respectively. The corresponding numbers after 4 weeks were 66.30, 76.73, and 86.48. The difference between three groups at days 1 and 28 was statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of the current in vitro study, bleaching and sodium fluoride mouthwashes could cause force decay of orthodontic elastomeric chains. Whitening mouthwash is more weakening for elastomeric chains. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Use of whitening mouthwash by orthodontic patients could decrease the force of elastomeric chains, so it could be recommended to use them for a short time.